161 papers
Cancer biology explores the complex ways cells grow out of control, investigating the genetic mutations and environmental factors that drive tumor formation. This field seeks to understand how healthy cells transform into malignant ones and how these rogue cells spread throughout the body. By decoding these fundamental mechanisms, researchers aim to develop more effective treatments that target the disease at its source while sparing healthy tissue.
At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint published in this category directly from bioRxiv to ensure you stay ahead of the curve. Our team provides both accessible plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries for each study, bridging the gap between raw research data and practical understanding. Whether you are a specialist or a curious reader, our goal is to make these critical findings clear and actionable.
Below are the latest papers in cancer biology, offering fresh insights into the ongoing fight against this disease.
This study employs a multi-omics approach to demonstrate that the A-to-I edited miR-411-5p (miR-411ed) restores sensitivity to Osimertinib in TKI-resistant NSCLC by downregulating STAT3 and modulating interferon and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways, independent of MET suppression, thereby significantly reducing tumor growth in vivo when combined with the drug.
This study concludes that there is no direct causal relationship between clinical doses of Augmentin and other commonly used drugs with biliary toxicity and the development of cholangiocarcinoma, based on experimental findings showing no increase in malignancy markers and cohort data revealing no statistically significant difference in cancer incidence.
This study demonstrates that Aurora kinase A (AURKA) drives collective breast cancer invasion and metastasis by establishing a leader cell phenotype through centrosome polarization and by stabilizing cell-cell cohesion via its interaction with the actin regulator EPLIN.
This study identifies DHHC7 as a critical palmitoyl transferase that modifies KRAS4A at Cys180 to drive its membrane nanoclustering and downstream RAF signaling, thereby promoting pancreatic cancer growth and highlighting DHHC7 as a promising therapeutic target for KRAS-mutant cancers.
This study demonstrates that B7-H3 drives hepatocellular carcinoma progression and natural killer cell resistance by regulating cell adhesion, migration, and immune checkpoint expression through distinct oncogenic signaling pathways in epithelial and mesenchymal tumor cells.
This paper introduces GroupSig, a novel framework that overcomes the sparsity barrier in clinical targeted-panel sequencing by aggregating mutational patterns across samples with shared germline genotypes, enabling the discovery of nine genome-wide significant germline variants (SigQTLs) that regulate mutational signatures in a large cohort of 32,000 tumors.
This study integrates single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data to identify liver metastasis-related genes and develop a 15-gene prognostic scoring system (LMR score) that outperforms traditional staging and other models in predicting outcomes for colorectal cancer patients.
This study establishes a low-dose PBMC-engrafted humanized mouse model using CD47-deficient triple-knockout mice that achieves stable human leukocyte reconstitution and a significantly prolonged experimental window by mitigating lethal graft-versus-host disease, offering a versatile platform for immuno-oncology and radiotherapy research.
This study utilized RNA sequencing data from genetically engineered mouse models to identify a specific set of circular RNAs that are reproducibly differentially regulated in the mammary gland by both tamoxifen and letrozole, suggesting their potential as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring anti-hormonal therapy response in breast cancer.
This study demonstrates that personalized *Drosophila* avatars engineered with specific genomic mutations from Nigerian colorectal cancer patients can effectively model tumor heterogeneity and predict differential responses to targeted therapies, highlighting the critical need for genotype-driven, personalized treatment strategies for African populations.